Evidence based interventions for childhood obesity

Initiatives to fund interventions specifically targeted at racial and ethnic minorities may have increased the number of interventions targeting hispanics, but not racial minorities. 19), for example, highlighted the strength, quality, and consistency of evidence supporting the view that a number of s contribute to childhood obesity: excess tv viewing, low physical activity, excess consumption of sugar sweetened–drinks,Formula feeding in infancy, lack of sleep, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and rapid early growth. The release of these reports, there has been a proliferation of family-based interventions to prevent and treat childhood obesity as documented in at least five published reviews of this literature in the past decade [20–24].

The most effective interventions for childhood obesity are

A large number of excessively fat children and adolescents will not be identified as obese based on their bmi (3). No evidence of large differences in mother-daughter and father-son body mass index concordance in a large uk birth cohort. We coded parents as single if they self-identified as such, were not cohabitating, or were widowed or divorced.

What are the best evidence- based behavioral targets of entions and how should targets for interventions be chosen? 3945/​ or purchase ment: 2nd forum on child obesity this article to a me when this article is me if a correction is e usage r articles in this r articles in web of r articles in ad to citation se a print copy of this ts and citing article articles via web of articles via google es by reilly, j. In the united kingdom, some gical evidence has been taken as indicative of the need for paradigm shifts in obesity prevention, but this single studies has not been replicated, and paradigm shifts probably occur only rarely.

Characteristics for family-based childhood obesity prevention interventions published from 2008 to 2015 (n = 85)entation of underserved ses (income or education)62 (73) racial/ethnic minorities46 (54) immigrants24 (28)non-traditional parents23 (27) non-biological parents2 (2) non-residential parents0 (0)racial/ethnic 30 (35) black/african american26 (31) hispanic/latino40 (47) asian20 (24) indigenous12 (14) multiracial/other24 (28) unclear29 (34). Key research gaps include studies in low-income countries, interventions for children on both the lower and higher ends of the age spectrum, and interventions targeting media use and sleep. It is worth acknowledging how varied intervention length was across studies, with about a third of interventions being less than 3 months long.

The majority of studies were conducted in developed countries; diet and physical activity were the most heavily targeted behavioral domains; most studies targeted children ages 2–10; and there was a low representation, or at least specification, of non-traditional families. This is a somewhat ation, given clear trends to rapid increases in obesity prevalence in the past decade (9). In a recent systematic review of family-based interventions for the treatment and prevention of childhood obesity, more than 80% of eligible studies were published since 2008 [43].

The small number of studies in these geographic regions limits the development of locally relevant programs and policies aiming to address the growing problem of obesity in these -traditional families were underrepresented in interventions. Recent experience united kingdom suggests that such model interventions are often ignored by researchers and policymakers in favor of are created de novo. In all cases, plausible mechanisms exist that explain why these bute to obesity risk in early life.

Characteristics are only provided for interventions with s are not mutually exclusive thus totals may exceed 100%. Interventions with a protocol only were not included in the assessment of sample characteristics because sample information is infrequently reported in such papers. Such interventions are admittedly scarce in childhood obesity prevention, but systematic critical appraisals of the literature (21) suggest that the most promising model to date for school-based obesity prevention interventions is probably planet health,A potentially generalizable intervention with evidence of efficacy and cost-effectiveness, at least in the united states (22).

Goal of this study is to profile family-based interventions to prevent childhood obesity published since 2008 to identify gaps in intervention design and methodology. The lack of studies including adequate representation of these groups limits the scientific community’s understanding of effective strategies in high-risk communities and fails to fully address noted health -based childhood obesity prevention interventions have focused heavily on children 2–10 years of age, despite the robust evidence demonstrating the importance of prevention efforts as early as infancy and the prenatal period [53, 54]. These are conservative estimates; a recent systematic review found that the bmi provides an adequate means of ive body fatness and the comorbidities of excessive fatness (3), but has a high false-negative rate (3).

From routine primary care health checks in early childhood and nurse checks later in childhood) provides much larger numbers that are helpful for surveillance (13), but concerns over the recent underrepresentation of the obese remain (2). The changing nature of family structures, including the increasing number of single-parent households over time, [52] calls for a more inclusive approach to defining what is considered a family in research. One notable exception is the attempted translation of a successful us program to the united atic reviews of preventive interventions (21, 26) provide a convenient means of accessing the body of evidence.

They targeted media use and/or sleep in addition to diet and physical activity), and only a few (n = 3, 3%) interventions did not target either diet or physical 2 provides a cross tabulation of age of target child, setting, and behavioral domains. Black/african american, hispanic/latino, indigenous), immigrant families, single parents, non-biological parents, and non-residential parents. There may be a degree of bias in published studies [increasing underrepresentation of the overweight and obese, as in s in the united kingdom (2)] and/or in the population surveillance data that demonstrate an apparent slowing in the trajectory of the epidemic.